英国的「国王歌手合唱团」(The King's Singers),又称「国王乐队」,可说是全世界最令人惊奇的歌唱团队之一,六个人、六张嘴巴,几乎从来不用任何乐器伴奏,但是他们所演出的和声效果却无比的丰富。六个人唱的深沉辽阔,波澜起伏,哀而不伤、内含力量。他们唱出了独特而深刻的理解。他们的合唱技艺尤其震撼,人声模仿各种乐器,惟妙惟肖,使人不敢相信自己的耳朵。合唱讲究站位,他们的录音有强烈的定位感、空间感。他们音域宽广,不同声部层次分明,堪称人声试机极品。除了歌唱,他们还经常以双手和口技模拟出各种乐器的声音,带来让人难以置信的有趣效果,而他们演唱的曲目,范围更是宽广,从蒙台威尔第的牧歌、罗西尼歌剧的序曲、史特劳斯的圆舞曲、宗教歌曲、歌剧名曲,到法国香颂、各国民谣、电影配乐、甚至披头与「皇后」(Queen)合唱团的流行经典等等,几乎无所不包。在过去这将近四十年来,他们表演的足迹遍及全球,所到之处,无不深获喜爱与推崇。 「国王歌手」固定的六个人就是两位假声男高音、两位男高音、一位男中音、一位男低音,虽经不断更新,却始终保持如一的活力与和谐。在他们的音乐会上,没有绚丽的声光效果,也没有华美的服装布景,更没有夸张的肢体动作,六个人围成弧形站在舞台中央轮流张嘴巴。尽管只有六张嘴,但是听他们唱歌,会达到40个人的混声合唱团加40个人的管弦乐团以及各式各样乐器的打击乐团的效果。唱宗教圣歌时,他们堪称最顶级的唱诗班;唱民谣时,他们的语调诙谐,甚至带有方言;唱流行音乐时,他们充当乐手,可以逼真地模仿出打击吹管配和弦效果;唱古典音乐时,六张嘴能够发出整个管弦乐团的幻觉。 说起「国王歌手」的诞生,要回溯到 1965年。当时英国剑桥的「国王学院」有十四个参与合唱团的学生,共同组成一支命名为「The Schola Cantorum Pro Musica Profana」的团体,并且录制了一张不对外发行的流行歌曲专辑。由于演出很成功,进而引发其中三位团员结合另外三位同学,共组一支名叫「来自国王学院的六个合唱学生」(Six Choral Scholars From King's College)的六重唱,也就是「国王歌手」的前身。本来团名想取作“剑河男孩”,但后来为了表明团体人员的身份,于是打上了剑桥国王学院的旗号,使用了King’s Singers「国王歌手」这样听来比较有分量的名字。1966年5月1日,第一任国王歌手们在伦敦伊丽莎白音乐厅首次举办了他们的音乐会,历史上最棒的无伴奏合唱团诞生了。歌手们除了要应付学习,还要每周的周末在学校的教堂唱诗,并在各种晚会和社交场合献艺。从合唱团成立伊始就不断给学院带来荣誉,40年来,国王歌手获得了无数奖项,跟众多的大牌明星合作过,对于国王歌手的Fans来说,国王歌手就好比流行乐迷眼中的披头士、古典爱乐者心目中的“三大男高音”。经过阵容的一些变动之后,他们在1968年首度以「国王歌手」的名义在伦敦举行演唱会。当时,他们以早期近似牧歌的演唱风格,融合了一些比较现代的美国风味,表演的曲目则展现包罗万象的特质,从牧歌、福音歌曲到轻歌剧、甚至日本民谣等等。到了1971 年,他们已经建立起相当高的知名度,也开始灌录唱片,包括一系列英国民谣和来自中世纪的牧歌,获得爆炸性的成功,从此他们持续旅行各地表演,并且大量推出专辑,到目前为止,他们已经发表过六十多张专辑,而且绝大多数都仍然可以买到。 自推出首张专辑以来,由古典到流行,不管是披头士、流行歌曲以至于古典曲目,他们都创造了惊人的销售成绩,并虏获全世界无数乐迷的心。值得一提的是,他们非凡的技术与重唱天赋,使得国王歌手能把握各种音乐风格,从古典到现代,从摇滚乐到流行乐,他们的演唱都是国际顶级水平。国王歌手还有一个特色就是能够根据现场演出的气氛随机调整演唱的曲目,这里显示的不仅是过硬的技术,还有丰富的曲目储备。 由於原始团员年龄逐渐老化,「国王歌手」从80年代开始进行换血,但是从未发生内部不合的情形,而他们也继续维持著原有的技巧与品质,始终备受推崇,堪称老少咸宜、雅俗共赏。尽管人事变动、曲目也不断扩充,他们仍然不断的精益求精,不但经常应邀与多明哥(Domingo)、卡娜娃(Kanawa)等超级巨星同台演唱,一些著名的作曲家们也特别为他们谱写新歌。另外,由於备受推崇,他们也应邀担任皇家音乐学院常任音乐指导。 国王歌手的音乐会并没有炫丽的声光效果,也没有华美的服装布景,你也别期待有夸张的肢体动作,事实上,国王歌手就是六个人围成小弧形站在台上,面面相觑地轮流张嘴巴。然而,无与伦比的疯狂魅力就是从这样简单的舞台开始,在国王歌手走过全世界上万场的演唱会当中,还没遇上哪一场不是观众狂呼到快把屋顶掀翻。可别以为合唱团都是唱些讲究合声美妙的好听音乐,在国王歌手的音乐里头,这些只是地基,要想从国王歌手的演唱中挑骨头,别说找不出不和谐、不准确、或是任何失误,光领教他们目不暇接的表情、令人叹为观止的口技、配合歌曲情节穿插的小小剧情、甚至让人不自觉起鸡皮疙瘩的穿透力,大概也无人有暇余去挑剔吧! 国王歌手发行过的专辑将近一百张,精选集、客串和跟别人合辑的还不包括在内。第一张专辑自1971年问世,平均每年得发片三张,这样庞大的量还是在马不停蹄的到处巡回演出当中产生的。目前与国王歌手合作的唱片公司有五家(包括了BMG、EMI、Telarc等),不同类型的歌曲会交由不同的唱片公司来发行。国王歌手的专辑种类繁多,什么都唱,有跟大乐团或知名音乐家合作的、也有为了特殊节日而发行的,这当中有很多张葛莱美得奖专辑、英国排行榜畅销专辑、以及白金唱片等。国王歌手的CD向来是唱片行的热销品,新专辑往往上架就缺货。说实话,以国王歌手无与伦比的舞台魅力来说,听CD当然跟现场的感觉差多了,但即使如此,喜爱国王歌手的乐迷还是疯狂收集。 在世界各地都有国王歌手的乐迷俱乐部,而国王歌手也很珍视长年支持他们的Fans。无论在世界哪个角落,每场音乐会后,歌手们必定与听众面对面、签签名聊聊天,甚至应要求即兴唱上几段。国王歌手最在乎的,不是音乐会来宾多不多、媒体评价高不高,而是听众是否听得高兴、是否享受了一个快乐难忘的夜晚。 唱宗教圣歌时,国王歌手的合声纯真且圣洁,媲美最顶级的圣诗班;唱民谣音乐时,国王歌手的语调诙谐、甚至带有方言;唱流行音乐时,他们充当乐手,打击吹管配和弦,样样自己来;唱古典音乐时,你会有听到了整个管弦乐团的幻觉。这就是国王歌手,靠着六张嘴巴,可以创造出各式各样的音乐效果,叫国王歌手“合唱团”已太不公平,他们带给观众的,是场超越极致的“人声秀”。
by Joseph Stevenson
The King's Singers is a six-man vocal ensemble which tours the world singing a variety of repertory.
The group was formed in 1965 by Alastair Hume, Simon Carrington, and Brian Kay. all, at that time, Choral Scholars of the Choir of King's College, Cambridge. Together with other Choral Scholars.
Choral Scholars (there are fourteen at any one time) are the mature-voice singers of the Choir. They receive scholarships to attend King's College, a part of Cambridge University. In return, they undertake a full schedule of music-making, as the Choir sings daily services in the King's Chapel during term, and also a variety of concert appearances and tours. The Choral Scholars even have their own special table at the College dining hall.
This constant work and shared life results in a strong group identity, and in 1965 several members decided to make a private recording of some of the secular music they had been working on, calling themselves "Schola Cantorum Pro Musica Profana in Cantabridgiense." They commissioned one hundred pressings to keep and give to friends and families.
From this start, six of the members (Martin Lane, Al Hume, Neil Jenkins, Richard Salter, Simon Carrington, and Brian Kay) decided to undertake a tour, and booked themselves as "Six Choral Scholars from King's College." The tour was a success, despite what they chose as a uniform to promote an image of professionalism.
As described in The King's Singers, a Self Portrait, by the six members current in the late 1970s (Nigel Perrin, Hume, Carrington, Anthony Holt, Bill Ives, and Kay), this uniform began with "sensible black shoes" but also included "corduroy jackets of interestingly different colors and cut, bow-ties whose patterns were incompatible but daring, and trousers that were matched in the sense that all were dark and all were baggy."
Nevertheless, the group was a success. In 1968 they were invited to sing a concert with Simon Preston and the Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, their London debut. Searching for a proper name, they asked Mike Bremner of Argo Records. By then, the group already was known for its mix of classics and more popular repertory. Bremner suggested "The King's Singers" for the serious stuff and "King's Swingers" for pops. They chose to sing all their music under the first suggested name.
They have recorded their wide variety of music for several labels, and remained in existence continuously since 1965, although the personnel of the group has completely turned over. At the groups thirtieth anniversary approached, they were Tenor Paul Phoenix, baritones Phillip Lawson and Gabriel Crouch, Bass Stephan Connolly (the longest-serving current member), and countertenors Nigel Short and David Hurley. In 1968 and 1969 the Singers included one female singer (successively, Felicity Palmer and Eleanor Capp), and in 1969 they briefly added a third counter-tenor, James Bowman. The all-time longest serving member of the group was Alastair Hume, and original founder who remained with The King's Singers until the end of the 1992 season.